Noise marines are overall a little bit cheaper. Sonic Blasters are 36" salvo now. Aspiring champions have access to a whip that prevents enemies from denying challenges. Other weapons are the same.
Most named characters are the same, but overall a point reduction. Abbadon is the same points and does not make terminators troops.
Abadon is AP2, Daemon Weapons are AP3
There are no new named characters.
Thousand Sons come with an Aspiring Sorcerer in their basic 5 before adding more Rubric marines.
The only impact on Marks is that HQ models make corresponding cult units Troops.
There are 2 debuff spells in Nurgle and Slaanesh, 2 buff spells in Slaanesh.
The "eye of the Gods" table is actually several tables. First you roll to see what table you roll on, then you roll what you get after winning a challenge, killing a monstrous creature or walker, or annihilating a unit in close combat.
One of the tables is Daemonic Gifts.
Possessed get to buy (not roll) up to 3 boons from the table.
Cultists are 4 points each and come in squads of 10-30. They can have any combination of autoguns (str3 ap-) or auto pistol ccw (str 3 ap-)
They can take special weapons, but not heavy weapons.
they respond very well to dark apostles getting an extra benefit when one is in their unit.
Skull Champions can take collars that give the squad and any vehicle it's embarked in a 5+ DtW
You can mix/match Marks and Icons.
+1T/FnP isn't as good as a Plague Marine, they're worth their points.
HQ unlocks corresponding cult troop.
Kharne strikes at initiative 5, and he gained armour bane which I guess is new. He's AP3, but for every model he kills (not wound inflicted) he makes an additional attack at initiative 1.
Not quite the same as warrior born as it doesn't keep growing, but it's very devastating for someone with 8 attacks on the charge.
khorne berserkers are AP5
There are no new fortifications but there is a unique upgrade to fortifications.
Havocs, CSM and chosen squads can take autocannons
They're (Defilers) the same except they have the Daemon special rule, 4 hull points and a 5+ invulnerable save.
There is a sonic upgrade for tanks, but it's not a noise-marine thing.
I don't know about upgrades being finecast. I know that there is intent to upgrade the basic CSM box to support all the cult troops to be able to achieve any of the weapon combinations from the entries (including everyone having soundblasters).
Raptors still have access to special weapons, only the aspiring champion can take special melee weapons. They are reduced in points.
The Night Lord's raptors are a lot like vanguard (they cannot charge on deep strike though), but they have 2 attacks base + dual power weapons (ap3) with the shred special rule and are 35 points each.
no chaos razorbacks, just combi-weapons
150 points for 4 Rubric marines and 1 Aspiring Sorcerer.
Unit size 4-19. 20 points per Rubric. Still slow and purposeful, unless the sorcerer is alive then relentless.
Having not had an extensive amount of time with the rules, from what I have read so far, there seems to be a theme of if you want it, you can have it, but you have to pay.
Basic CSM squads actually end up cheaper than a tactical squad if they take only 2 special weapons and their aspiring champion has bp/ccw.
It's possible, however, to clear 400 points on a 10 man squad with a transport.
There does seem to be a ton of possible army lists that can be built out of it though, and that's really exciting, but at the end of the day they're just marines and nothing has jumped off the page as 'wtf...OP' (yet)
Melee obliterators - str5/t5, 2+/5++, Once per turn can combination of 2: power weapon, power fist, lightning claw
Marks are the same.

http://www.w40k.in/illustrations3/ePvqg0WfvaI.jpg